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Serbia–United States relations
Serbian–American relations are bilateral relations between the governments of Serbia and the United States. They were first established in 1882.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=US Ambassador to Serbia. US Government Office )〕 From 1918 to 2006 the United States maintained relations with the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, SFR Yugoslavia, and Serbia and Montenegro, of which Serbia is considered the legal successor state.
At the end of the 19th century, the United States sought to take advantage of the Ottoman Empire's withdrawal from Eastern Europe by establishing diplomatic relations with newly emerged nations, among them Serbia. Serbia and the United States were both allies during World War I. After the first World War, Serbia united with the Kingdom of Montenegro and territories previously held by Austria-Hungary. This unified state became known as Yugoslavia, with which the United States had diplomatic relations up to the beginning of World War II. In the front in Yugoslavia during World War II, the US ultimately supported Serbian royalists known as Chetniks. However, Josip Broz Tito, the leader of Yugoslav Partisans during the war, ended up governing Yugoslavia after World War II, which resulted in a period of cutoff between Yugoslavia and the United States in the late 1940s. The end of World War II also resulted in the mass emigration of refugees from Yugoslavia, many of which were Serbs who ended up moving to the United States. This helped create the first major Serbian diaspora in the United States. Some of the Serbian refugees who settled in the United States after World War II were anti-communist exiles who attempted to undermine Tito during the Cold War, using the United States as a venue for their anti-communist aims.
Through the breakup of Yugoslavia, the United States engaged in both combative and economic conflict, particularly with Serbia, known at the time as Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (successor of SFR Yugoslavia). The United States imposed sanctions and spearheaded a NATO bombing campaign of Yugoslavia in 1999. Throughout the period of conflict during the 1990s, another wave of Serbian emigration ensued, and many Serbian refugees moved to the United States. In the 2000s, diplomatic relations between the United States and Yugoslavia were restored, but were changed when Montenegro and Kosovo seceded in 2006 and 2008, after which Serbia was the successor state to continue relations previously held by FR Yugoslavia.
== History ==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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